Control charts are graphs used to study how a process changes over time.
Data is plotted in time order. A control chart always has a central line for the average, an upper line for the upper control limit and a lower line for the lower control limit. These three lines are determined from historical data. By comparing current data to these lines, you can draw conclusions about whether the process variation is consistent (in control) or is unpredictable (out of control, affected by special causes of variation).
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Variable data uses two control charts. The top chart monitors the average, or the centering of the distribution of data from the process. The bottom chart monitors the range, or the width of the distribution.
If your data were shots in target practice, the average shows the shots clustering. The range shows how tight they are clustered.
1. Choose the appropriate control chart for your data.
2. Determine the appropriate time period for collecting and plotting data.
3. Collect data, construct your chart and analyze the data.
4. Look for out-of-control signals on the control chart. When one is identified, mark it on the chart and investigate the cause. Document how you investigated, the root cause and how it was corrected.
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The the type of chart depends on your measurement data. The two broadest groupings are for variable data and attribute data.
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For more information about Control Charts please purchase our hour long training video.
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